Preguntas hacia la comunalización de lo público a nivel local como desafío para las alternativas a lo manicomial

Este artículo se centra en algunos resultados de una investigación que tuvo por objetivo estudiar los sentidos que algunos colectivos construyen en relación a su accionar en una zona particular de la periferia urbana de Montevideo, Uruguay. Se hizo énfasis en aquellos sentidos sobre sus vínculos con agentes estatales y sus estrategias para construir autonomía. Uno de los resultados es la búsqueda de hacer común lo público, incorporar a las lógicas de la producción de lo común para la sostenibilidad de la vida recursos que son administrados por el Estado. Estos procesos de comunalización aportan a la implementación de alternativas al encierro en tanto los sentidos construidos en torno a ellos justamente se vinculan a prácticas y creación de políticas públicas ligadas a estas alternativas. Asimismo, se apuesta a procesos de autonomía, participación y emancipación social. En la discusión profundizo en algunas dimensiones de la comunalización de lo público en el caso de un espacio de trabajo permanente interinstitucional, promovido por una de las organizaciones que formó parte de dicho estudio, que trabaja en la zona en clave de desmanicomialización y podría pensarse que también en relación con la economía social y solidaria. Estas dimensiones son: el carácter del entramado, las transformaciones normativas e institucionales y las articulaciones entre el paradigma de lo común y el de la desmanicomialización y la economía social y solidaria. Quedan planteadas tanto estas dimensiones como múltiples preguntas para seguir profundizando en esta línea.

Este artigo enfoca alguns resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo estudar os significados que alguns grupos de uma determinada área da periferia urbana de Montevidéu, Uruguai, constroem em relação às suas ações, com ênfase naqueles sobre seus vínculos com agentes estatais .e suas estratégias de construção de autonomia. Um dos resultados é a busca de tornar o público comum, incorporar na lógica da produção do comum para a sustentabilidade da vida recursos que são administrados pelo Estado. Isso contribui para a implementação de alternativas ao encarceramento na medida em que os próprios protagonistas lhe dão o sentido de trabalhar em práticas e para a criação de políticas públicas que os favoreçam e para processos de autonomia, participação e emancipação social. Na discussão aprofundo algumas dimensões da comunalização do público no caso de um espaço de trabalho interinstitucional permanente promovido por uma das organizações que estudei que atua na área em termos de desinstitucionalização e em relação ao social e economia solidária. Essas dimensões são: a natureza do enquadramento, as transformações normativas e institucionais e as articulações entre o paradigma do comum e o da desinstitucionalização e da economia social e solidária. Ambas as dimensões e múltiplas questões são levantadas para continuar aprofundando nesta linha.

This article focuses on some results of a research that aimed to study the meanings that some groups in a particular area of the urban periphery of Montevideo, Uruguay, construct in relation to their actions, with emphasis on those about their links with state agents and their strategies to build autonomy. One of the results is the search to make the public common, to incorporate into the logic of the production of the common for the sustainability of life resources that are administered by the State. This contributes to the implementation of alternatives to confinement insofar as the protagonists themselves give it the sense of working in practices and for the creation of public policies that favor them and for processes of autonomy, participation and social emancipation. In the discussion, I delve into some dimensions of the communalization of the public in the case of a permanent inter-institutional work space promoted by one of the organizations that I studied that works in the area in terms of deinstitutionalization and in relation to the social and solidarity economy. These dimensions are: the nature of the framework, the normative and institutional transformations and the articulations between the paradigm of the common and that of deinstitutionalization and the social and solidarity economy. Both these dimensions and multiple questions are raised to continue deepening in this line.

Lazer e favela: produção do conhecimento em periódicos especializados / Leisure and favela: production of knowledge in specialized journals

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a produção acadêmica acerca do tema "Lazer e Periferia" nos periódicos especializados do campo do Lazer no Brasil. Buscaremos a partir desta análise, observar, por exemplo, se a periferia tem sido tratada como um lugar de ausência ou um espaço de produção cultural. Além disso, vamos investigar em que medida o Lazer se constitui como um direito para a população periférica, a partir destas publicações. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura, levando em conta os periódicos voltados ao campo do Lazer no Brasil, que possuem Qualis Capes B4 ou superior. Os estudos apontam para três principais categorias de análise para compreendermos a relação entre o Lazer e a Periferia: "Equipamentos de Lazer", "Atuação e Formação Profissional de Lazer" e "Políticas Públicas". A partir destas três categorias, foi possível observar que a intervenção estatal no âmbito da garantia do direito ao Lazer precisa, antes de tudo, estar alinhada às próprias demandas das comunidades, sem, contudo, negligenciar o acesso ao patrimônio histórico-cultural que precisa ser garantido à população periférica.

This research aims to analyze the academic production on the theme "Leisure and Periphery" in specialized journals in the field of Leisure in Brazil. Based on this analysis, we will seek to observe, for example, whether the periphery has been treated as a place of absence or a space for cultural production. In addition, we will investigate to what extent Leisure constitutes a right for the peripheral population, based on these publications. For that, a literature review was carried out, taking into account the journals focused on the field of Leisure in Brazil, which have Qualis Capes B4 or higher. The studies point to three main categories of analysis to understand the relationship between Leisure and the Periphery: "Leisure Equipment", "Leisure Activities and Professional Training" and "Public Policies". From these three categories, it was possible to observe that state intervention in the scope of guaranteeing the right to Leisure needs, above all, to be aligned with the communities' own demands, without, however, neglecting access to the historical and cultural heritage that needs to be guaranteed to the peripheral population.

Evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety on phacoemulsification combined with gonioscopy-assisted angle plasty for primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of phacoemulsification combined with gonioscopy-assisted angle plasty (Phaco-GAAP) for primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) with cataract.Methods:A case series study was carried out.Twenty-five eyes of 22 patients with PACG and cataract were enrolled in Beijing Tongren Hospital from April 2022 to August 2022.All of the patients received Phaco-GAAP surgery.During the operation, viscoelastic-assisted goniosynechialysis was performed at first, followed by a secondary angle plasty for residual peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) based on the quantified assessment by gonioscopy, and the extent of PAS was recorded intraoperatively.The operated eyes were followed at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after surgery to evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP), PAS range, the number of anti-glaucoma drugs application, operation-related complications, and success rate.The qualified success rate was defined as medicine-controlled IOP ≤21 mmHg after surgery, and complete success rate was defined as IOP ≤21 mmHg without any anti-glaucoma medication.This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital (TRECKY2021-136). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to entering the research cohort.Results:The extent of PAS was [270(225, 360)°], [165(110, 215)°] and [100(35, 175)°] at preoperation, first and secondary angle plasty, respectively, showing a significant difference among them ( χ2 =40.742, P<0.001). The PAS range was significantly reduced at first angle plasty in comparison with preoperation and was significantly reduced at secondary angle plasty in comparison with at first angle plasty (both at P<0.001), and the proportion of the angle PAS range ≥180° decreased from 48% to 24% after second angle plasty.In 13 eyes finished gonioscopy, the PAS range was [240(195, 305)°], [60(25, 182.5)°], [170(120, 275)°]and [180(140, 280)°]at preoperation, at the end of operation, postoperative 1 month and 3 months, respectively, with a significant difference ( χ2 =23.631, P<0.001). The PAS range was significantly smaller at postoperative 1 month, 3 months than that at preoperation (both at P=0.004) and larger than that at the end of operation ( P=0.011, P=0.003). The IOP was (40.19±17.23), (15.80±7.98), (13.89±5.09), (12.80±3.79) and(13.24±2.78) mmHg before operation and 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after operation, respectively, showing a significant difference ( F=44.031, P<0.001), and the IOP was significantly reduced after operation (all at P<0.001). The PAS range at the end of operation was positively correlated with preoperation ( rs=0.409, P=0.042). The complete and qualified success rates were 95.8%, 95.8% for postoperative 1 month, 95.8% and 100% for postoperative 3 months, respectively.The primary complication was intraoperative anterior chamber angle hemorrhage, with an incidence of 68%. Conclusions:Phaco-GAAP can intraoperatively quantify PAS range and guide secondary angle plasty, therefore, it is an effective and safe surgical intervention for PACG with cataract.

(In)Segurança no campo da extensão universitária: micropolíticas das afetações com crianças na periferia / (In)Security in the field of university extension: micropolitics of affectations with children in the periphery

Esse texto tem como objetivo pautar um debate analítico a partir dos afetos experimentados por uma professora pesquisadora ao acessar um território de periferia na cidade de Fortaleza-CE, bem como apresentar os motivos que a levaram a empreender a travessia para o outro lado dessa cidade dividida e as repercussões disso nas ações de um projeto de Extensão. A relevância dessa escrita está em promover uma reflexão crítica sobre o binômio segurança/insegurança que nos atravessa no contexto da extensão universitária. Qual o limite de realidade da (in)segurança? Quais afetos paralisantes e mobilizadores podemos acessar nos territórios dessa atividade acadêmica? Para dialogar com essas questões, optamos pelo recorte de cenas dessa inserção na periferia, apresentando algumas micropolíticas resultantes das afetações produzidas pela participação dos sujeitos envolvidos nesse projeto, através de análises sobre a relação entre as crianças participantes e a equipe acadêmica; a relação dessas crianças com seu bairro e com a cidade (para além dos "muros" da periferia).

This text aims to guide an analytical debate from the affections experienced by a researcher teacher when accessing a peripheral territory in the city of Fortaleza-CE, as well as resenting the reasons that led her to undertake the crossing to the other side of this divided city and the repercussions of this on the actions of an Extension project. The relevance of this writing is to promote a critical reflection on the binomial security / insecurity that crosses the context of university extension. What is the reality limit of (in)security? What paralyzing and mobilizing affects can we access in this academic activity's territories? In order to dialogue with these questions, we chose to cut scenes of this insertion in the periphery, presenting some micropolitics resulting from the affectations produced by the participation of the subjects involved in this project, through analyzes of the relationship between the participating children and the academic team; the relationship of these children with their neighborhood and the city (beyond the "walls" of the periphery).

Desde la periferia: la noción de espacio social en la movilización sociopolítica de la juventud / From the periphery: The notion of social space in the socio-political mobilization of youth / Da partir da periferia: A noção de espaço social na mobilização sócio-política da juventude

Resumen (analítico) Este artículo pone de manifiesto la existencia de un elemento transversal en la relación de la juventud con la esfera pública, que contribuye a comprender mejor la naturaleza de sus expresiones políticas: la asimilación de una cierta posición periférica impuesta dentro del espacio social. La idea de espacio social, y en particular la de periferia, contribuyen a dar coherencia a determinados fenómenos y tendencias de la movilización sociopolítica de la juventud en su conjunto. Para ello, se analizan tres movimientos juveniles surgidos en Barcelona durante el año 2019, en los que la juventud tuvo especial protagonismo. Las diferencias y similitudes entre los tres movimientos muestran la versatilidad de la noción de periferia, que sirve para visualizar la precariedad vital que identifica a toda una generación, más allá de sus diferencias.

Abstract (analytical) This article highlights the existence of a transversal element in the relationship of youth with the public sphere, which contributes to a better understanding of the nature of their political expressions: the internalization of a certain imposed peripheral position within the social space. The idea of social space, and in particular the idea of periphery, contributes to give coherence to some phenomena and trends on the sociopolitical mobilization of youth as a whole. To do this, three youth movements emerged in Barcelona during 2019 are analyzed, in which the youth played a special role. The differences and similarities between the three movements show the versatility of the notion of periphery, which serves to visualize the vital precariousness that identifies an entire generation, beyond their internal differences.

Resumo (analítico) Este artigo tem como objetivo destacar a existência de um elemento transversal na relação dos jovens com a esfera pública, o que contribui para a melhor compreensão da natureza de suas expressões políticas: a assimilação de uma determinada posição periférica imposta dentro do espaço social. A ideia de espaço social e, em particular, de periferia, contribui para dar coerência a certos fenômenos e tendências na mobilização sócio-política da juventude como um todo. Para isso, são analisados três movimentos juvenis surgidos em Barcelona em 2019, nos quais os jovens tiveram protagonismo especial. As diferenças e semelhanças entre os três movimentos mostram a versatilidade da noção de periferia, que serve para visualizar a precariedade vital que identifica uma geração inteira, além de suas diferenças internas.

15 anos de "sport" ­investigando a periferia, investigando na periferia: reflexões e proposições / 15 years of "sport" -investigating the periphery, investigating since the periphery: reflections and propositions

Tendo como mote a comemoração dos 15 anos do "Sport: Laboratório de História do Esporte e do Lazer", este ensaio objetiva discutir as peculiaridades de dinamização de um grupo de pesquisas numa situação periférica. De início, se debate o conceito de periferia para situar os desafios tanto de investigação quanto da constituição de um campo acadêmico. Posteriormente, apresentam-se algumas reflexões sobre os limites, possibilidades e potencialidade da inserção no cenário científico internacional. Por fim, conclui-se que assumir que, nos dias atuais, somos periféricos não significa aceitar que sempre seremos assim, tampouco que devamos almejar o centro. Sugere-se ser mais interessante perspectivar um mundo em que não mais se sustente a relação centro-periferia, algo que não pode se dar somente no terreno das ilusões discursivas que prescindem de uma profunda compreensão empírica.

Having as an incentive the celebration of the 15th anniversary of the "Sport: Laboratory of History of Sport and Leisure", this essay aims to discuss the peculiarities of the organization of a research group in a peripheral situation. At first, the concept of periphery is debated in order to situate the challenges of both research and the constitution of an academic field. Subsequently, some reflections on the limits, possibilities and potential of insertion in the international scientific scenario are presented. Finally, it is concluded that assuming that, today, we are peripheral does not mean accepting that we will always be like that, nor that we should aim at the center. It is suggested that it is more interesting to envisage a world in which the center-periphery relationship is no longer sustained, something that cannot happen only in the field of discursive illusions that do not require a deep empirical understanding.

Cidades, territórios e juventudes: práticas e sentidos sobre pertencimento, juventude e periferia / Cities, territories and youths: practices and meanings about belonging, youth and periphery / Ciudades, territorios y juventudes: prácticas y sentidos sobre pertenencia, juventud y periferia / Villes, territoires et jeunes: pratiques et significations relatives à l'appartenance, à la jeunesse et à la périphérie

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar aspráticas e os sentidos atribuídos por jovens moradores de um bairro periférico em Juiz de Fora (MG) sobre sua noção de pertencimento à cidade. Tendo como referencial metodológico a Pesquisa Exploratória, utilizou-se da entrevista semiestruturada como ferramenta para levantamento de informações. A análise do material coletado deu-se a partir da perspectiva da Análise de Produção de Sentidos. Deslocar-se pela cidade, apropriar-se dela representa experimentá-la, produzindo sentidos por meio da ação. No entanto, considerando a existência dos marcadores sociais da diferença, compreende-se que ser jovem, pobre e morador de periferia ocasionará vivências atravessadas por tais marcadores, produzindo a forma como estes vivenciam a juventude, incluindo o uso que fazem da cidade.

This research aimed to investigate the practices and meanings attributed by young people living in a peripheral neighborhood in Juiz de Fora (MG), about their notion of belonging to the city. Using as a methodological reference the Exploratory Survey, the semi-structured interview was used as a tool for gathering information. The analysis of the collected material took place from the perspective of the Production Analysis of Senses. Move around the city, take ownership of it, represents experiencing it, producing meanings through action. However, considering the existence of the social markers of the difference, it is understood that being young, poor and living on the periphery, will lead to experiences crossed by such markers, producing the way they experience youth, including their use of the city.

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo investigar las prácticas y sentidos atribuidos por jóvenes, habitantes de un barrio periférico en Juiz de Fora (MG), sobre su noción de pertenencia a la ciudad. Teniendo como referencial metodológico la Investigación Exploratoria, se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada como herramienta para el levantamiento de informaciones. El análisis del material recolectado se dio a partir de la perspectiva del Análisis de Producción de Sentidos. Desplazarse por la ciudad, apropiarse de ella, representa experimentarla, produciendo sentidos a través de la acción. Sin embargo, considerando la existencia de los marcadores sociales de la diferencia, se comprende que ser joven, pobre y morador de periferia, ocasionará vivencias atravesadas por tales marcadores, produciendo la forma en que estos vivencian la juventud, incluyendo el uso que hacen de la ciudad.

Cette recherche visait à étudier les pratiques et les significations attribuées par les jeunes vivant dans un quartier périphérique de Juiz de Fora (MG) à propos de leur notion d'appartenance à la ville. Sur la base de la méthodologie de recherche exploratoire, un entretien semi-structuré a été utilisé comme outil de collecte d'informations. L'analyse du matériel collecté a eu lieu du point de vue de l'analyse de la production de sens. Se déplacer dans la ville, l'approprier, c'est expérimenter, produire des significations par l'action. Toutefois, compte tenu de l'existence de marqueurs sociaux de la différence, il est entendu que le fait d'être jeune, pauvre et vivant à la périphérie va provoquer des expériences traversées par ces marqueurs, ce qui va produir la manière dont ils vivent la jeunesse, y compris leur utilisation de la ville.

Design, Characterization and Geospatial Analysis of Physical and Socio-economic Indicators of Anthropogenic Pressures on Protected Areas in Africa

In Africa, the important agro-pastoral activity and poverty in rural areas lead to strong anthropogenic pressures on protected areas and to their quick degradation. Therefore the efficient conservation and sustainable exploitation of protected areas require adaptive and dynamic management that integrates peripheral interactions with regard to their changing spatial and temporal dimensions. They call for the deployment of appropriate management indicators capable of translating all the issues raised into concrete and practical terms. To this end, a new conceptual and analytical approach to assess pressure indicators is needed to take into account the spatio-temporal oscillation or mobility of the area of ​​socio-economic dependence that must henceforth provide the basis for sustainable management in the context of adaptation to climate change. The study responds to this concern through rigorous conceptualization, characterization and validation of original peripheral pressure indicators focused on a global and dynamic socio-economic framework. The method used consisted of an interpretative analysis of theoretical bibliographic data, measurements and field observations using GPS, ArcGIS 10.1 and Envi 4.5 and semi-structured interviews for the characterization of defined pressure indicators and their field validation. The five pressure indicators designed and applied on the basis of the criteria of direct dependence on protected areas are the coefficient of asymmetry (Kc), the periphery (Ψ), the dependent population (Dπ), the distance-access time (DAT) and the field daily working time (FDWT). The approach and pressure indicators were successfully applied to the Rusizi National Park (Burundi) for the period 1984-2015. The results showed that the park has a coefficient of asymmetry of 2.64 which represents a three times higher level than its circular equivalent, a periphery of 13.23 km radius composed of 35 localities characterized by distance-access times comprise between 0 to 2 h 30 and field daily working times ranging from 7 to 11 hours. They revealed that nearly 70% of peripheral populations are concentrated within 6 km from the boundaries and have distance-access times of less than one hour. The peripheral dependence on Rusizi Park reaches 100% for woody resources, 97% for livestock products, 88% for agricultural resources and 83% for animal protein products. The modeling of potential pressures and field observations showed that peripheral localities are the more threatening that they are more dependent, more populated and closer to the park. As a consequence, the important anthropogenic pressures led to a very significant degradation of the park during the study period.

The application of ultra-wide field fluorescein angiography in the evaluation of peripheral vascular changes following retinal vein occlusion / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective To investigate the peripheral vascular findings in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and hemi-retinal vein occlusion (HRVO) using ultra-wide field fluorescein angiography (UWFFA),and analyze the influence of relative systemic factors on retinal vascular leakage.Methods A retrospective case-control study was designed.The 153 eyes of 146 patients with BRVO and 40 eyes of 40 patients with HRVO were include in Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute from September 2017 to March 2018.UWFFA was carried out in the patients,and the images were analyzed by Vantage Review software.The eyes were divided into two groups based on the whether the leakage occurred in other quadrant or fellow eye.The eyes with the fluorescence leakage only in the quadrant of affected vessel in late stage of UWFFA were in the RVO1 group,and the eyes with the fluorescence leakage in other quadrants or fellow eye besides affected vessel were in the RVO2 group.Relative past medical histories were recorded,such as hypertension,high cholesterol and diabetes mellitus.The influence of medical histories on vascular leakage in RVO1 group and RVO2 group with different histories was analyzed,respectively,and systemic factors which affected lcakage degree were evaluated.Results In 179 eyes with RVO,fluorescence leakage occurred in late stage of UWFFA besides affected vessel in 25 eyes (14.0％),including 19 eyes in the affected eyes (10.6％) and 6 eyes in fellow eyes (3.4％).Hypertension,high cholesterol and diabetes mellitus were found in 77,28 and 21 patients,respectively.In 77 hypertension patients,66 were in the RVO1 group,and 9 were in the RVO2 group (11.69％),and in 102 non-hypertension patients,86 were in the RVO1 group,and 16 were in the RVO2 group (15.69％),without significant difference was seen in the fluorescence leakage in other quadrants or fellow eye besides affected vessel between hypertension and non-hypertension patients (x2 =0.298,P =0.585).In 28 high cholesterol patients,24 were in the RVO1 group,and 4 were in the RVO2 group (14.29％),and in the 151 patients without high cholesterol,130 were in the RVO1 group,and 21 were in the RVO2 group (13.91％),without significant difference in the fluorescence leakage in other quadrants or fellow eye besides affected vessel between high cholesterol and non-high cholesterol (x2 =0.000,P =1.000).In 21 diabetes mellitus patients,17 patients were in the RVO1 group,and 4 patients were in the RVO2 group (19.05％),and in 158 patients without diabetes mellitus,137 were in the RVO1 group,and 21 were in the RVO2 group (13.29％),without significant difference was seen in the fluorescence leakage in other quadrants or fellow eye besides affected vessel between diabetes mellitus and non-diabetes mellitus (x2 =0.144,P=0.704).Conclusions Unexpected late peripheral retinal leakage can be seen on the UWFFA in the eyes with BRVO and HRVO.Hypertension,high cholesterol and diabetes mellitus are not the main cause of these findings.UWFFA can disclose more peripheral,wider retinal lesions.

Trypanosoma cruzi XRNA granules colocalise with distinct mRNP granules at the nuclear periphery

BACKGROUND Eukaryotic ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules are important for the regulation of RNA fate. RNP granules exist in trypanosomatids; however, their roles in controlling gene expression are still not understood. XRNA is a component of granules in Trypanosoma brucei but has not been investigated in Trypanosoma cruzi. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the TcXRNA dynamic assembly and its interaction with RNP components under conditions that affect the mRNA availability. METHODS We used in vitro metacyclogenesis of T. cruzi to observe changes in RNP granules during the differentiation process. TcXRNA expression was analysed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Colocalisation assays were performed to investigate the interaction of TcXRNA with other RNP components. FINDINGS TcXRNA is constantly present during metacyclogenesis and is localised in cytoplasmic granules. TcXRNA does not colocalise with TcDHH1 and TcCAF1 granules in the cytoplasm. However, TcXRNA granules colocalise with mRNP granules at the nuclear periphery when mRNA processing is inhibited. MAIN CONCLUSIONS TcXRNA plays a role in mRNA metabolism as a component of mRNP granules whose assembly is dependent on mRNA availability. TcXRNA granules colocalise with distinct RNP granules at the nuclear periphery, suggesting that the perinuclear region is a regulatory compartment in T. cruzi mRNA metabolism.

A Juventude das periferias como alvo da violência: uma análise sobre enunciados difundidos pela sociedade brasileira / The Youth of peripheries as a target of violence: an analysis of statements spread by brazilian society / La Juventud de las periferias como objetivo de la violencia: un análisis sobre enunciados difundidos por la sociedad brasileña / Les Jeunes de la banlieue comme une cible de la violence: une analyse des déclarations diffusées par la société brésilienne

O artigo problematiza enunciados presentes em discursos que circulam na vida em sociedade e que correlacionam jovens residentes de regiões periféricas no Brasil a noções de desvio, o que implica que estes sejam circunscritos como alvos privilegiados de práticas de extermínio. Para tanto, buscamos um diálogo com as obras "Os anormais" de Michael Foucault e "Homo sacer: o poder soberano e a vida nua" de Giorgio Agamben, com vistas a articular elementos teóricos que auxiliem na construção de uma análise crítica deste fenômeno social. A análise documental se configurou como caminho metodológico para subsidiar a investigação proposta, sendo que parte das reflexões foi também elucidada por meio de trechos de reportagens destacados dos jornais "Folha de São Paulo", "O Globo" "Folha de Londrina", bem como da revista "Veja".

The article problematizes statements present in discourses that circulate in life in society and that correlate young residents of peripheral regions in Brazil with notions of deviance, which implies that these are circumscribed as privileged targets of extermination practices. For this, we seek a dialogue with the works "The Freaks" of Michael Foucault and "Homo sacer: the sovereign power and the naked life" of Giorgio Agamben, aiming to articulate theoretical elements that help in the construction of a critical analysis of this social phenomenon. The documentary analysis was configured as a methodological way to subsidize the proposed research, and part of the reflections was also elucidated through excerpts from prominent articles in the "Folha de São Paulo", "O Globo" and "Folha de Londrina" newspapers, as well as of Veja magazine.

El artículo problematiza enunciados presentes en discursos que circulan en la vida en sociedad y que correlacionan a jóvenes residentes de regiones periféricas en Brasil a nociones de desvío, lo que implica que éstos sean circunscritos como blancos privilegiados de prácticas de exterminio. Para ello, buscamos un diálogo con las obras "Los anormales" de Michael Foucault y "Homo sacer: el poder soberano y la vida desnuda" de Giorgio Agamben, con miras a articular elementos teóricos que ayuden en la construcción de un análisis crítico de este fenómeno social. El análisis documental se configuró como camino metodológico para subsidiar la investigación propuesta, siendo que parte de las reflexiones fue también elucidada por medio de extractos de reportajes destacados de los periódicos "Folha de São Paulo", "O Globo" "Folha de Londrina", así como de la revista "Veja".

L'article traite des énoncés présents dans les discours qui circulent dans la société et qui mettent en corrélation les jeunes habitants des régions périphériques au Brésil, les notions d'écart, ce qui implique qu'ils sont circonscrites comme un objectif majeur de la pratique de l'extermination. Pour les deux, nous recherchons un dialogue avec les œuvres, "L'anormal," Michel Foucault et "Homo prêtre: le pouvoir souverain et la vie nue" par Giorgio Agamben, en vue d'articuler les éléments théoriques qui aident à la construction d'une analyse critique de ce phénomène social. L'analyse documentaire a été configuré en tant que chemin d'accès de la méthodologie à l'appui de la proposition de recherche, et une partie de la réflexion a également été élucidé par le biais d'extraits de rapports de l'information du journal "Folha de São Paulo", "O Globo" "Folha de Londrina", ainsi que le magazine "Veja".Parte superior do formulário

Update on immune and metabolic dysregulation in major depressive disorder and the implications for drug intervention / 药学学报

Traditional anti-depressant therapy based on the regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters has shown certain limitations. Recently, accumulating clinical and preclinical studies have reported the tantalizing link between immune dysregulation, inflammatory process and the initiation and exacerbation of major depressive disorder (MDD). With a deepening understanding of neural-immune-metabolic interactions, an immunometabolism driven disease network has attracted huge interests in understanding neuronal inflammation and dysfunction underlying MDD pathogenesis and intervention. This review describes recent data uncovering immunometabolic dysregulation as a key factor in MDD network, with a focus on the recent appreciation of immune-metabolic actions of several anti-depressant compounds. The implications for the discovery of novel antidepressant drugs and clinical management of MDD are discussed.

Hallazgos periféricos en pacientes con degeneración macular relacionada con la edad avanzada / Peripheral findings in patients with age-related macular degeneration

Objetivo: Explorar la asociación entre la presencia de cambios degenerativos en la periferia retiniana de pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de Degeneración Macular Relacionada con la Edad (DMRE), evaluados con fotografía de fondo de ojo a color (FP), angiografía fluoresceínica (FA) y autofluorescencia (FAF), y las etapas más avanzadas de la enfermedad. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal con intención analítica, en el cual se evaluaron las imágenes de campo amplio obtenidas mediante FP, FA, y FAF con oftalmoscopía de láser confocal con la Optomap 200TX, de todos los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de DMRE, para un total de 94 pacientes (188 ojos) que aceptaron participar en el estudio, y que acudieron a la Clínica Oftalmológica de Antioquia (CLOFAN) entre agosto y septiembre del 2016, con diagnóstico clínico de DMRE. La variable desenlace fue presencia de DMRE avanzada. Resultados: Se incluyeron imágenes de 130 ojos de 70 pacientes. La edad media fue 72,1 años (DE±9,5 años). El 20,8% de los pacientes eran pseudofáquicos. El 52,9%, 32,9% y 37,1% tenían historia de HTA, dislipidemia y hábito tabáquico positivo, respectivamente. Se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre DMRE avanzada y el antecedente de DMRE en la familia (p<0,05, OR=2,4, IC=1,1-6,2), la presencia de cambios degenerativos en la periferia en FP (p<0,001, OR=5,71, IC=1,8-17,7), FA (p<0,05, OR=3,1, IC=0,9-10,1) y FAF (p<0,001,OR=10,52, IC=0,63-8,13). En el análisis multivariado solo la presencia de lesiones en FP se mantuvo asociada significativamente con la presencia de DMRE avanzada. Conclusiones: La presencia de cambios degenerativos en periferia se asocian 4,71 veces más con la DMRE avanzada, y por tanto, la presencia de éste tipo de lesiones podría ser predictora de progresión. Se requieren estudios prospectivos que permitan determinar causalidad y contribuir a la comprensión de la patogénesis de la DMRE.

Purpose: To explore the association between the presence of degenerative changes in the retinal periphery of patients with clinical diagnosis of AMD, evaluated with color fundus photography (FP), fluorescein angiography (FA) and autofluorescence (FAF), and the more advanced stages of the disease. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with analytical intent, in which wide fi eld images obtained by PF, AF, and FAF using confocal laser ophthalmoscopy with Optomap 200TX, all patients with a clinical diagnosis of AMD, for a total of 94 patients (188 eyes) who attended the Clínica oftalmológica de Antioquia (CLOFAN) between August and September of 2016, with clinical diagnosis of AMD, were analyzed. Th e outcome variable was advanced age related macular degeneration. Results: Images of 130 eyes of 70 patients were included. Th e mean age was 72.1 years (SD ± 9.5 years). It was observed that 20.8% were pseudophakic. 52.9%, 32.9% and 37.1% had a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia and a positive smoking habit, respectively. Th ere was a statistically signifi cant association between advanced AMD and family history of AMD (p <0.05, OR=2.4, CI=1.1-6.2), the presence of degenerative changes in the FP (P <.001, OR=5.71, CI=1.8-17.7), FA (p <0.05, OR=3.1, CI=0.9-10.1) and FAF (p <0.001, OR=10.52, CI=0.63-8.13). In the multivariate analysis only the presence of lesions in FP remain signifi cantly associated with the presence of advanced AMD. Conclusions: Th e presence of degenerative changes in periphery are associated 4.71 times more with advanced AMD, and therefore, the presence of this type of lesions could be predictive of progression. Prospective studies are required to determine causality and contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of AMD.

Pharmacokinetics of H002, a novel S1PRmodulator, and its metabolites in rat blood using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of H002 and its phosphorylated metabolite, H002-P and hydroxylated metabolite H002-M, in rat blood. H001, an analogue of H002, was used as the internal standard. Blood samples were prepared by simple protein precipitation. The analytes and internal standard were separated on a Zorbax SB-C18 column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of methanol and water containing 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min with an operating temperature of 20 °C. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer with positive electrospray ionization in multiple-reaction monitoring mode. Linear detection responses were obtained from 0.2-100 ng/mL for H002 and H002-M, while 0.5-100 ng/mL for H002-P. The intra- and inter-day precision (RSD%) was within 11.76%, with the accuracy (RE%) ranging from -9.84% to 9.12%. The analytes were shown to be stable during sample storage, preparation and analytic procedures. The method was applied to determine the pharmacokinetics of H002 in rats, and a preliminary study showed that the pharmacokinetics of H002 correlated with its biological effect on peripheral blood lymphocytes.

La circulación de saberes psicológicos, psiquiátricos y psicoanalíticos en la Argentina 1900-1993: apuntes historiográficos e históricos / The circulation of psychological, psychiatrical, and psychoanalytical knowledge in Argentina 1900-1993: historiographical and historical notes

Se presenta un modelo historiográfico crítico sobre la circulación de saberes psicológicos, psiquiátricos y psicoanalíticos, que contempla distintos planos de análisis: conexiones individuales e institucionales entre autores y de corrientes locales con otras foráneas; los medios específicos y las asimetrías en el intercambio de saberes; procesos de lectura, apropiación y uso de los mismos, así como su transformación según las características locales. Se ofrecen los resultados de este modelo historiográfico en investigaciones en la Argentina durante el siglo XX.

A critical historiographical model is present on the circulation of knowledge form psychology, psychiatry and psychoanalysis, which considers several levels of analysis: individual and institutional connections between local authors and disciplines with foreign ones; specific means and asymmetries in knowledge exchange; their reading processes, appropriation and uses, and their transformation according to local characteristics. The results of using this historiographical model in research in Argentina during XXth Century are shown.

Analysis of core–periphery organization in protein contact networks reveals groups of structurally and functionally critical residues.

The representation of proteins as networks of interacting amino acids, referred to as protein contact networks (PCN), and their subsequent analyses using graph theoretic tools, can provide novel insights into the key functional roles of specific groups of residues. We have characterized the networks corresponding to the native states of 66 proteins (belonging to different families) in terms of their core–periphery organization. The resulting hierarchical classification of the amino acid constituents of a protein arranges the residues into successive layers – having higher core order – with increasing connection density, ranging from a sparsely linked periphery to a densely intra-connected core (distinct from the earlier concept of protein core defined in terms of the three-dimensional geometry of the native state, which has least solvent accessibility). Our results show that residues in the inner cores are more conserved than those at the periphery. Underlining the functional importance of the network core, we see that the receptor sites for known ligand molecules of most proteins occur in the innermost core. Furthermore, the association of residues with structural pockets and cavities in binding or active sites increases with the core order. From mutation sensitivity analysis, we show that the probability of deleterious or intolerant mutations also increases with the core order. We also show that stabilization centre residues are in the innermost cores, suggesting that the network core is critically important in maintaining the structural stability of the protein. A publicly available Web resource for performing core–periphery analysis of any protein whose native state is known has been made available by us at http://www.imsc.res.in/ ~sitabhra/proteinKcore/index.html.

Comportamiento del ácido úrico en una casuística general y en pacientes con enfermedad vascular periférica / Behaviour of the uric acid in the general casuistic and in patients with peripheral vascular disease

Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento del ácido úrico en una casuística general y en los pacientes con enfermedad vascular periférica y calcular la prevalencia de hiperuricemia. Métodos: estudio descriptivo en 464 pacientes que asistieron al Laboratorio de Bioquímica del Instituto de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular durante el mes de mayo de 2013, y en un grupo de 85 ingresados con enfermedad vascular periférica. El ácido úrico se cuantificó en todos con un juego de reactivo enzimático comercial. La hiperuricemia se determinó tomando como referencia los valores internacionales de 415,4 µmol/L para hombres y 339 µmol/L para las mujeres. Se calculó la prevalencia de hiperuricemia total y ajustada según sexo. Resultados: la concentración de ácido úrico en la muestra fue de 320,3 µmol/L (IC: 310 a 330,6 µmol/L, 95 por ciento); con diferencia entre hombres y mujeres (354,1 vs. 291,3 µmol/L respectivamente, p= 3,74 x 10-9). Se encontró que los pacientes con macroangiopatía diabética mostraron valores elevados de ácido úrico (339,5 µmol/L), sin diferencias significativas al compararlo con la casuística general. Se halló una prevalencia de hiperuricemia de 27,6 por ciento, de ella el 24,8 por ciento para el sexo masculino y el 30 por ciento para el femenino. Conclusiones: se llama a la reflexión sobre este parámetro, tiene una alta prevalencia y no debe ser indicado como rutina, ya que puede ser un biomarcador de enfermedades vasculares como lo es para la hipertensión arterial, función renal y gota(AU)

Objective: to determine the behaviour of the uric acid in a general casuistic and in the patients with vascular periphery disease and calculating the prevalence of hyper-uricaemia. Methods: a descriptive study in 464 patients assisted at aboratory of Biochemistry of the Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery during the month of may of 2013 and in the 85 patients with vascular periphery disease was analyzed. Uric acid quantified in alls with a commercial game of enzymatic reagent. The hyper-uricaemia determined itself when taking the following values into account: 415.4 µmol/ L for man and 339.0 µmol/L for woman. Was calculated the total prevalence of hyper-uricaemia and tight-fitting according to sex. Results: the concentration of uric acid in the sample was of 320.3 µmol/L (95 percent CI: 310; 330,6) With difference between man and woman (354.1 vs. 29,3 µmol/L, p= 3,74 x 10-9). The patients with diabetic macroangiopathy had high concentration of uric acid (339.5 µmol/L) within significant difference with general casuistic. The prevalence of hyper-uricaemia was of the 27.6 percent; of her the 24.8 percent for the masculine sex and the 30.0 percent for the feminine. Conclusion: it is done called the reflection on this parameter, what has high prevalence, which must not be indicated like routine; since it can be a biomarker of vascular periphery disease as it is for the arterial hypertension, renal function and gout.

Retrospective analysis of clinical application of BF-XP60 micro-bronchoscopy / 中国基层医药

Objective To retrospectively analyze of clinical application of BF-XP60 micro-bronchoscopy.Methods 135 clinical data of patients who adopted ultrafine micro-bronchoscopy and intervention were collected and analyzed for the complications.Results The frequency of local rhinomusoca damaging and errhysis was in 3 cases,the mucous of the glottis damaging and errhysis was in 2 cases,local mucous of the tracheal bronchus errhysis was in 3 cases.After intervention,the frequency of fever was in 13 cases,massive haemorrhage was in 1 case,pneumothorax was in 1 case,chest pain was in 2 cases,part fiber of inner untrafine micro-bronchoscopy broken was in 2 cases,check failure due to ultrafine micro-bronchoscopy broken in trachea was in 4 cases,and arrhythmia,asphyxia,and death were in 0 case.The overall incidence of side effects was 22.9％ (31/135).Conclusion Application of ultrafine micro-bronchoscopy was contributed to find the lesions within the bronchioles and around the lungs,moreover,it could evaluate the distal bronchus of airway obstruction which was planned to adopt intervention.The topic that how to reduce the incidence of the side effects of the micro-brohchoscopy and improve the success rate and safety of inspection and intervention was worth to be concerned.

The involvement of mu opioid receptorin peripheral regulation of chronic inflammatory pain induced by CFAin rats / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To investigate the change of mu opioid receptor ( MOR) in dorsal root ganglion ( DRG) in rat chronic inflammatory pain model and the effect of MOR agonist and antagonis tintraplantarly ( i.pl.) injected on pain threshold, so as to determine the role of peripheral MOR in chron in inflammatory pain .Methods Chronicin flammatory pain model was established by i .pl.injection of CFA in rats.The expression of MOR in DRG was detected by immunohistochemistry .Pain threshold before and after i .pl.injection of MOR agonist and antagonist was measured by radiant heat method .Results Rats suffered from an intraplantar injection of CFA developed chronic inflammatory pain , and the painthreshold still reduced on 18 day after CFA injection compared to that in the normal group . Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that compared with the normal group , the expression of MOR in DRG of CFA rats was increased ( P<0.01 ) .After the paw dorsal surface injection of MOR agonist , the pain threshold of CFA rats was increased, while that of normal rats exhibited no significant change .After the paw dorsal surface injection of MOR antagonist, the pain threshold of CFA rats was reduced , while that of normal rats had no significant change .Conclusion Under chronic inflammatory pain condition , DRG MOR expressionis enhanced , which participates in the regulation of chronic inflammatory pain , and may contribute to the prevention of further more serious pain .

Violência e inserção social do jovem de periferia urbana / Violence and social inclusion of young people in urban periphery / La violencia y la inserción social de los jóvenes de periferia urbana

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar modos de inserção social de jovens pertencentes aos estratos sociais mais desfavorecidos da população na comunidade onde vivem. Para tanto, foram organizados grupos focais com jovens que diferiam entre si quanto ao protagonismo de situações de violência. A análise indica que os jovens considerados protagonistas de violência tendem a se distanciar dos não protagonistas nas atividades que realizam, nos lugares que frequentam, nas formas de lazer que preferem e nas expectativas de vida futura que constroem. As interações de aproximação estão pautadas por estilos de vida semelhantes, e o afastamento se institui pela exacerbação de interesses específicos e pela acentuação da diferença. O estudo evidencia uma multiplicidade de modos de inserção social que, ao mesmo tempo que está associada ao pertencimento a um estrato socioeconômico, não é reduzível a ele.

This paper aims to examine methods of social inclusion of young people belonging to disadvantaged social strata of the population in the community where they live. Focused groups were conducted with young people who differed on the role of situations of violence. The analysis indicates that young people considered protagonists of violence tend to distance themselves from not protagonists in the activities that they do, in places they frequent, during leisure activities and also differ about the future life expectations. The study shows that the interactions approach between these youth groups are guided by similar lifestyles and detachment is instituted by the exacerbation of particular interests and the emphasis on the difference.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo examinar formas de inclusión social de los jóvenes pertenecientes a los estratos sociales menos favorecidos de la población en la comunidad donde viven. Las entrevistas se llevaron a cabo con los jóvenes que diferían en la participación en situaciones de violencia. El análisis indica que los jóvenes protagonistas de la violencia tienden a distanciarse de no protagonistas en las actividades que realizan, en los lugares que frecuentan, en las actividades de ocio y en las expectativas de vida futura. Interacciones de proximidad son guiadas por estilos de vida similares y la distancia se establece por la exacerbación de los intereses especiales y el énfasis en la diferencia. El estudio evidencia una pluralidad de formas de integración social que al mismo tiempo que se asocian con la pertenencia a un extracto socioeconómica no son reducibles a ella.